Ultraviolet absorber wani nau'i ne na mai tabbatar da haske, wanda zai iya ɗaukar ɓangaren ultraviolet na hasken rana da tushen haske mai kyalli ba tare da canza kansa ba. Karkashin hasken rana da hasken rana, robobi da sauran kayan aikin polymer za su fuskanci halayen atomatik{1}sakamakon tasirin hasken ultraviolet, yana haifar da lalacewar polymer da tabarbarewa, yana haifar da rashin kyawun kamanni da kayan inji. Bayan ƙara abin ɗaukar UV, zai iya zaɓin zaɓin wannan babban hasken UV mai ƙarfi ya juya shi zuwa makamashi mara lahani don fitarwa ko amfani.
Nau'o'in polymers daban-daban suna da tsayin tsayi daban-daban na haskoki na ultraviolet wanda ke lalata su. Daban-daban ultraviolet absorbers iya sha ultraviolet haskoki na daban-daban raƙuman ruwa. Lokacin amfani, yakamata a zaɓi masu ɗaukar ultraviolet bisa ga nau'in polymer.
Masu ɗaukar UV yakamata su sami yanayi masu zuwa:
① Zai iya ɗaukar haskoki na ultraviolet da ƙarfi (musamman haskoki na ultraviolet tare da tsawon 290-400nm)
② Kyakkyawan kwanciyar hankali na thermal, ba zai canza ba saboda zafi ko da a lokacin aiki, kuma yanayin zafi yana da ƙananan.
③Kyakkyawan kwanciyar hankali na sinadarai, babu wani abu mara kyau tare da abubuwan da ke cikin samfurin
④ Kyakkyawan miscibility, za a iya ko'ina tarwatsa a cikin kayan, babu sanyi, babu exudation.
⑤ A photochemical kwanciyar hankali na absorber kanta yana da kyau, babu bazuwa, babu discoloration
⑥ Mara launi, mara guba, mara wari
⑦ Juriya na nutsewa
⑧ Mai arha da sauƙin samu.
UV absorbers za a iya raba zuwa wadannan Categories bisa ga sinadaran Tsarin: salicylates, benzophenones, benzotriazoles, musanya acrylonitriles, triazines da sauransu.
No.1 salicylate phenyl ester
Sinadaran: Phenyl phthalate
Kayayyaki da Amfani: Ƙofar crystalline mara launi. Yana da wari mai daɗi (man wintergreen). Yawan yawa shine 1.250g/cm3, wurin narkewa shine digiri 43, kuma wurin tafasa (1.6kPa) shine digiri 173. Mai narkewa a cikin ether, benzene da chloroform, mai narkewa a cikin ethanol, kusan maras narkewa cikin ruwa da glycerol.
Wannan samfurin abin ɗaukar UV ne, ana amfani da shi a cikin samfuran filastik, amma tsayin tsayin daka yana kunkuntar. Kayayyakin acrylic da FDA ta amince da su don amfani a cikin hulɗa da abinci.
No.2 UV Absorber UV{1}}P
Haɗin kai: Samfurin amsa na o-nitroaniline da p{1}}cresol
Kayayyaki da amfani: Siffar ba ta da launi ko rawaya lu'ulu'u masu haske. Mai narkewa a cikin man fetur, benzene, acetone da sauran kaushi na halitta. Solubility a cikin ruwa yana da ƙanƙanta sosai, kuma ba za a rushe shi ta hanyar alkali mai ƙarfi da mai daɗaɗɗen acid ba. Yana iya yin ionize da ƙarfe masu nauyi don samar da gishiri. Yana iya ɗaukar haskoki na ultraviolet tare da tsawon tsawon 270 zuwa 280 nm. Matsayin narkewa 130 ~ 131 digiri.
Ana amfani da wannan samfurin musamman a cikin polyester, chlorine{0}mai ɗauke da polyester, acetate fiber, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, plexiglass, polyacrylonitrile da sauran resins. Kwanciyar kwanciyar hankali a cikin labaran gaskiya ya fi kyau a cikin labaran launi. Matsakaicin sashi a cikin samfurin shine 0.% zuwa 0.5%.
No.3 UV Absorber UV{1}}O
Sinadaran: 2,4-Dihydroxybenzophenone
Kayayyaki da amfani: Wannan samfurin haske ne - allura mai launi - kamar crystal ko fari foda. Danshi<0.5%. Ash <0.5%. Melting point 136-149 digiri. Mai narkewa a cikin acetone, methanol, ethanol, methyl ethyl ketone, dioxane, N-picoline da ethyl acetate, musamman insoluble cikin ruwa, n{3}heptane da benzene. Solubility na wannan samfurin a cikin wasu kaushi (g/100ml sauran ƙarfi, 25 digiri) shine acetone 50, benzene 1, ethanol> 50, ruwa <0.5, n{11}}heptane <0.5.
Wannan samfurin abin ɗaukar UV ne, wanda ya dace da polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, resin epoxy, resin cellulose, polyester unsaturated, fenti da roba roba. Matsakaicin tsayin tsayin raƙuman ruwa shine 280 ~ 340nm, kuma babban sashi shine 0.1% ~ 1%. Koyaya, tasirin tabbatar da hasken wannan samfurin bai yi fice ba.
No.4 UV Absorber UV-9
Sinadaran: 2-Hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone
Kayayyaki da amfani: Wannan samfurin haske rawaya ne ko fari lu'ulu'u foda. Yawaita 1.324g/cm3. Matsayin narkewa 62 ~ 66 digiri. Wurin tafasa 150-160 digiri (0.67kPa), 220 digiri (2.4kPa). Mai narkewa a cikin mafi yawan kaushi na halitta kamar acetone, ketone, benzene, methanol, ethyl acetate, methyl ethyl ketone da ethanol, amma insoluble cikin ruwa. Solubility na wannan samfurin a cikin wasu kaushi (g/100g sauran ƙarfi, 25 digiri) benzene 56.2, n{9}}hexane 4.3, ethanol (95%) 5.8, carbon tetrachloride 34.5, styrene 51.2, DOP18.7.
Wannan samfurin ultraviolet absorber, dace da daban-daban robobi kamar polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, polymethyl methacrylate, unsaturated polyester, ABS guduro da cellulose guduro. Matsakaicin tsayin tsayin raƙuman sha shine 28 ~ 340nm, babban sashi shine 0.1% zuwa 1.5%, kwanciyar hankali na thermal yana da kyau, kuma baya rugujewa a 200 digiri C. Wannan samfurin da wuya yana ɗaukar haske mai gani, don haka ya dace da haske{7}} samfurori masu haske. Hakanan ana iya amfani da wannan samfurin a cikin fenti da roba na roba.
Kariyar tsaro: Japan da Italiya sun kayyade cewa lokacin da ake amfani da wannan samfurin a cikin samfuran hulɗar abinci, matsakaicin adadin bai kamata ya wuce 0.3%.
No.5 UV Absorber UV-531
Sinadaran: 2-hydroxy-4-n-octyloxybenzophenone
Kayayyaki da amfani: Wannan samfurin haske rawaya ne ko fari lu'ulu'u foda. Yawaita 1.160g/cm3 (digiri 25). Matsayin narkewa 48-49 digiri. Mai narkewa a cikin acetone, benzene, ethanol, isopropanol, dan kadan mai narkewa a cikin dichloroethane, mai narkewa cikin ruwa. Solubility na wannan samfurin a cikin wasu kaushi (g/100 sauran ƙarfi, 25 digiri) shine acetone 74, benzene 72, methanol 2, ethanol (95%) 2.6, n{10}}heptane 40, n{12} hexane 40.1, da ruwa 0.5.
Wannan samfurin shine mai ɗaukar ultraviolet, wanda zai iya ɗaukar haskoki na ultraviolet da ƙarfi tare da tsawon 270 ~ 330nm. Ana iya amfani dashi don robobi daban-daban, musamman polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, guduro ABS, polycarbonate, polyvinyl chloride da guduro. Kyakkyawan dacewa da ƙananan rashin daidaituwa. Babban sashi shine 0.1% zuwa 1%. Yana da sakamako mai kyau na haɗin gwiwa lokacin amfani da ƙaramin adadin 4,4{11}}thiobis(6-tert-butyl-p-cresol). Hakanan za'a iya amfani da wannan samfurin azaman stabilizer mai haske don sutura daban-daban.
Kariyar Tsaro: Wannan samfurin yana da ƙarancin guba. Kasashe da yawa suna ba da damar yin amfani da wannan samfur a cikin samfuran filastik waɗanda ke haɗuwa da abinci. Misali, a Amurka don polyolefins, matsakaicin matsakaicin sashi a cikin Burtaniya shine 0.6%, kuma matsakaicin adadin polyethylene da polypropylene a Italiya shine 0.5%. , Sashin Japan shine polyethylene 0.5%, polypropylene 1%, AS resin da resin ABS 0.5%, polyvinyl chloride 0.2% (ba zai iya tuntuɓar abinci mai maiko ko abinci tare da abun ciki fiye da 20% ethanol ba).
No.6 UV Absorber UVP-327
Abun ciki: 2-(2'-hydroxy{6}}3',5'-di-tert-phenyl) -5-benzotriazole chloride
Kayayyaki da amfani: Wannan samfurin abin sha ne na ultraviolet, halayensa da amfaninsa sun yi kama da UV{8}}326, yana iya ɗaukar haskoki na ultraviolet da ƙarfi tare da tsawon 270-380nm, kuma yana da ingantaccen sinadari da kwanciyar hankali kaɗan. Kyakkyawan dacewa tare da polyolefins. Musamman dace da polyethylene da polypropylene. Bugu da ƙari, ana iya amfani da shi don polyvinyl chloride, polymethyl methacrylate, polyoxymethylene, polyurethane, polyester unsaturated, guduro ABS, resin epoxy da cellulose guduro. Wannan samfurin yana da kyakkyawan juriya na thermal sublimation, juriya na wanka, juriya mai faɗuwa da iskar gas da riƙewar kayan inji. Ana amfani dashi a hade tare da antioxidants don tasiri mai mahimmanci na synergistic. Don haɓaka kwanciyar hankali thermo-oxidative na samfurin. Babban adadin wannan samfurin a cikin filastik shine 1% zuwa 3%.
Kariyar Tsaro: Wannan samfurin yana da ƙarancin guba. Japan, Amurka, Faransa, da Italiya sun ba da damar yin amfani da wannan samfurin a cikin robobin polyolefin da ke haɗuwa da abinci. Matsakaicin adadin shine 0.5% . 0.2%, Japan da Faransa 0.5%.
No.7 UV absorber RMB
Sinadaran: Resorcinol Monobenzoate
Kayayyaki da Amfani: Wannan samfurin farin lu'ulu'u ne. Matsayin narkewa shine 132 zuwa 135 digiri, kuma wurin tafasa shine digiri 140 (20Pa). Girman girma 0.68g/cm3 (20%). Mai narkewa a cikin acetone da ethanol, mai ɗan narkewa a cikin benzene, ruwa, n{10}}heptane, da sauransu.
Wannan samfur shine mai tabbatar da hasken UV, kuma ingancinsa yayi kama da na benzophenone haske stabilizers. An fi amfani dashi a cikin polyvinyl chloride, resin cellulose, polystyrene, babban sashi shine 1% zuwa 2%.
No.8 Light Stabilizer AM-101
Haɗin: 2,2'-thiobis(4-tert-octylphenoxy) nickel
Kayayyaki da amfani: Wannan samfur koren foda ne. Kololuwar sha a cikin yankin ultraviolet shine 290nm (a cikin chloroform). Ya dace da polyolefin robobi irin su polyethylene da polypropylene, musamman don daidaitawar haske na fina-finai da samfurori na fiber, kuma zai iya inganta aikin aiki. Wannan samfurin yana da sakamako mai kyau na haɗin gwiwa lokacin amfani da shi tare da mai ɗaukar UV, ko ƙara haɓaka tasirin daidaita haske. Babban hasararsa shine cewa launi ya fi duhu, wanda ke sa samfurin launi, kuma a lokaci guda, yana da tasirin maganin antioxidant mai taimako tare da thioesters a babban zafin jiki, yana sa samfurin yayi launin toka da baki.
Kariyar Tsaro: Wannan samfurin yana da guba kuma ya kamata a yi amfani da shi tare da taka tsantsan.
No.9 Haske Stabilizer GW-540
Sinadaran: Tris (1,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidinyl) phosphite
Kayayyaki da Amfani: Wannan samfurin farin lu'ulu'u ne. Matsayin narkewa 122 ~ 124 digiri. Mai narkewa a cikin ethanol, chloroform, acetone, benzene da sauran kaushi, insoluble cikin ruwa.
Wannan samfurin shine mai hana haske stabilizer. Ba shi da ikon ɗaukar haskoki na ultraviolet, amma yana iya kama radicals masu aiki da ke haifar da lalacewa ta hanyar lalata polymer, lalata hydroperoxides da canja wurin kuzarin ƙwayoyin kuzari masu daɗi, da sauransu. Tasirin ƙarfin haske shine hasken ultraviolet na yau da kullun{2} sau na abin sha. Wannan samfurin ya dace da polyethylene, polyethylene da sauran robobi. Yana da kyawawa mai kyau tare da resins, kyakkyawan aikin sarrafawa, da ƙarancin guba. Bugu da ƙari, daidaitawar haske, yana da kyakkyawan yanayin zafi da kuma juriyar tsufa na oxygen. Koyaya, wannan samfurin yana da ƙarancin juriyar zafi kuma bai dace da dogon lokacin amfani da ruwan zafi ba. Bugu da ƙari, wannan samfurin ya fi dacewa da sarrafa shi kuma ana amfani dashi a zazzabi a ƙasa da digiri 270 , kuma asarar nauyi ya fi tsanani lokacin da zafin jiki ya wuce wannan zafin jiki.
No.10 Haske Stabilizer 744
Sinadaran: 4-benzoyloxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine
Kayayyaki da Amfani: Wannan samfurin farin lu'ulu'u ne. Matsayin narkewa shine 95-98 digiri , kuma bazuwar zafin jiki yana sama da digiri 280 . Mai narkewa a cikin acetone, ethanol, ethyl acetate, toluene, insoluble cikin ruwa.
Wannan samfurin shine mai hana haske mai daidaitawa, wanda kusan ba shi da ikon ɗaukar haskoki na ultraviolet, amma yana iya ɗaukar radicals masu aiki da kyau waɗanda kayan polymer ke samarwa a ƙarƙashin aikin haskoki na ultraviolet, don kunna tasirin daidaitawar haske. Wannan samfurin ya dace da polypropylene, polyethylene, polystyrene, polyurethane, polyamide da polyester da sauran robobi, musamman a cikin polyolefins. Juriyar hasken wannan samfurin ya ninka na masu ɗaukar UV na gabaɗaya. Babu canza launin, babu gurɓata, zafi mai kyau{3}} iya aiki mai juriya, haɗe da antioxidants da UV absorbers, yana da kyakkyawan tasiri na haɗin gwiwa.
No.11 Triazine UV Absorber
Sinadaran: 2,4,6-tris(2'n-butoxyphenyl) -1,3,5-triazine
Kayayyaki da amfani: Wannan samfurin foda ne mai haske. Matsayin narkewa 156 ~ 165 digiri. Mai narkewa a cikin hexamethylphosphoric triamide, mai narkewa a cikin dimethylformamide lokacin zafi, mai narkewa a cikin n{4}}butanol, maras narkewa cikin ruwa.
Wannan samfurin shine mai ɗaukar ultraviolet, wanda zai iya ɗaukar hasken ultraviolet tare da tsawon 300-380nm. Ya dace da robobi daban-daban kamar polyvinyl chloride, polyoxymethylene, da chlorinated polyether. Matsakaicin gabaɗaya baya sama da 1%. Ingancin ƙarfin ƙarfinsa ya fi UV-9 da UV-531, amma wannan samfurin yana da kayan canza launi, wanda zai iya sa samfurin ya zama rawaya, kuma daidaituwa tare da resin shima mara kyau.
No.12 Haske Stabilizer HPT
Sinadaran: Hexamethylphosphoric triamide
Kayayyaki da amfani: Wannan samfurin ruwa ne marar launi ko haske mai haske mai haske tare da ɗan ƙaramin kifin kifi, yawa 1.0253-1.0257g/cm3 (20 digiri), daskarewa aya 27 digiri, tafasar batu 116-117 digiri (1.48kPa), refractive index 1.4582 ~ 1.4589 (20 digiri). Yana iya narkewa a cikin polar da kuma waɗanda ba -ƙarancin ƙarfi ba, kuma ana iya yin ɓarna tare da na'urori na yau da kullun kamar su dioctyl phthalate, dioctyl sebacate, da triphenyl phosphite a kowane rabo.
Ana iya amfani da wannan samfurin azaman stabilizer haske na polyvinyl chloride. Yana iya ba da samfura tare da kyawawan kaddarorin rigakafin tsufa na waje, don haka ana kiran shi PVC high{2} wakili mai saurin yanayi. Ƙara 2 zuwa 5 sassa na wannan samfurin zuwa fim din polyvinyl chloride ba zai iya inganta yanayin juriya kawai da juriya na sanyi ba, amma kuma rage yawan zafin jiki na aiki da kimanin digiri 10. Kyakkyawan ƙarfi don kayan polymer daban-daban kamar su phenylene sulfide.
